Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical technique used to visualize and treat joint interiors. During the procedure, a camera (arthroscope) and surgical instruments are inserted into the joint through small incisions of 0.5-1 cm. The surgeon can diagnose and perform necessary treatment in the same session while viewing the joint interior on a high-resolution monitor.

Arthroscopic surgery is most commonly performed on knee and shoulder joints. Knee arthroscopy is used for procedures such as meniscus repair, ACL reconstruction, cartilage procedures, and loose body removal. Shoulder arthroscopy is preferred for procedures such as rotator cuff repair, Bankart repair, Latarjet procedure, and subacromial decompression. Additionally, arthroscopic surgeries for hip, ankle, and elbow joints are becoming increasingly common.

Arthroscopic surgery has several advantages over open surgery. Smaller incisions cause less damage to surrounding tissues, post-operative pain is generally less, cosmetic results are better, and the recovery process is potentially faster. Many patients can be discharged on the same day or the next day.

The success of arthroscopic surgery depends on the surgeon's experience and correct indications. Not every joint problem can be treated arthroscopically; advanced arthritis, severe cartilage loss, or complex fractures may require open surgery or joint replacement. Detailed pre-operative evaluation and discussion of treatment options with the patient are fundamental steps in achieving the best outcomes.